Vestjylland / Western Jutland

2) Bølling Sø

3) Flyndersø & Stubbergård Sø

4) Geddal Enge and  Sønderlem Vig 

5) The Glomstrup Vig and Agerø area

6) Harboøre Tange, Plet Enge & Gjeller Sø 

7) The Heath Bog in Southern Feldborg Plantation

8) Nissum Fjord

9) Nørlund Plantation & Harrild Heath

10) Ringkøbing Fjord

11) The Skjern Å Valley

12) Stadil & Vest Stadil Fjords

13) Ulfborg Plantation

14) Venø

View from "Udkigget" a day in early February.  Photo: Egon Østergård  

Location:  
Borris Heath is situated 10 km east of the towns of Skjern and Tarm, between Borris and Sdr. Felding. It is the largest open heath in Denmark and one of the only areas in the country with any real feeling of true wilderness.

100 years or so ago, 1788 ha of Borris Sønderland was acquired by the Danish state, and since 1902 it has been a military camp, complete with a firing range - still used 275 days a year. It was bought with the intention of being left as a unique heathland nature reserve.In 1952-53 the state acquired and added another 4747 ha of neighbouring land, of which half is heath.

Protection/IBA Status:
The area is considered Denmark’s most important heathland, and is also of international significance based on the various studies of flora and fauna which have been carried out here over the years. Borris Heath has an EU Habitat status and is an EU Bird Protection Area, and is also protected under the general Danish Nature Protection Laws. The whole area is an international IBA.  

Important Birds:
Bittern, Honey Buzzard, Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Black Grouse, Wood Sandpiper, Short-eared Owl, Kingfisher and Red-backed Shrike.

Habitat:   
Borris Heath  is a large open flat dry heath, with a few inland dunes, interspersed with bogs and moorland. Omme Å runs through the southern part of the heath. Contrary to most other streams in Denmark, no attempts have ever been made to regulate Omme Å. The meadows next to the stream, which are surrounded by with willow and reedbeds, have been lying fallow since 1953.

The old farms may have been demolished, but their former gardens create a variation in the landscape, and the previous field systems have turned into common, overgrown with grass and bushes. Round the edges of the heath there are several small plantations, and in the south-east corner is an original ancient oak scrubland.    

The military activities often cause fires, so both old and new areas of heather are to be found, rendering any other management measures unnecessary for maintaining the heath.

Birds and other Wildlife:   
Breeding birds: Black-necked Grebe, Teal, Pochard, Bittern, Curlew, Golden Plover, Wood Sandpiper, Snipe, Yellow Wagtail, Mistle Thrush, Crossbill, Great Grey Shrike, Short-eared Owl,  Marsh Harrier, Goshawk, Hen Harrier and a large population of  Red-backed Shrike. Borris Heath is the most westerly area for breeding Honey Buzzard and Nuthatch. Rare birds like Kingfisher, Green Woodpecker, Garganey, Little Ringed Plover and Wryneck are found here.
Staging birds: During summer, Ospreys are seen regularly, and occasionally Crane and White-tailed Eagle. Whooper Swans also stage here.

In the 1950s there were still sizeable flocks of Black Grouse, which sadly have now disappeared from the area. Borris Heath is one of the few localities in Denmark where Otter has survived. It has otherwise disappeared from the Skjern Å river system. There are about 500 Roe Deer and a thriving Red Deer population of around 100-200 individuals in the area. A number of extremely rare plants also thrive here.

Visiting and Access:
From the town of Tarm, Route 28 leads south of Borris Heath. From the town of Skjern Route 439 leads north of the heath. In the village of Borris, 10 km east of Skjern, there are signs to Borris Hede. East of Borris Heath Route 12 passes the area. 

There is no access to Borris Heath without permission from the military authorities. This can be obtained either at the Camp’s main gate, on Borriskrogvej road 4, at the north-west corner of the heath, approx 500 m east of Borris village, or telephone 96 81 62 88 before planning a visit to the area.

At weekends, on Danish national holidays, and for 3 weeks in July there is generally no shooting. But do enquire beforehand !    

The most exciting area for bird watching is the Ørbækvej road running through the heath. From here, follow Gravelvej road or Hældgårdsvej road along Omme Å. On Gravelvej there is a sign to “Udkigget” which is a “must” for visiting nature enthusiasts. Østerrigevej road is also of interest for birdwatchers, and from Ringvejen road there is a good view over the river valley at Vestbroen bridge. There is a bird observation tower approx 500 m south of the Military Camp (between Skjern Å and Sønderskovvej) which is accessible without a permit.

Bølling Sø


Tufted Duck 

Location:          
Bølling Sø is a recently re-established lake, approx. 10 km west of Silkeborg. It lies on the watershed of the Jutlandish Ridge, 67 metres above sea level (which is high up for Denmark), where it took shape 10,000 years ago, after the last ice age.

Protection/IBA Status:
The lake and surrounds (in total 835 ha) were made a conservation area in 2001. The area is protected by the general Nature Protection laws. Apart from some land in the north-west corner, the area is owned by the Danish State. Bølling Sø is not an international IBA, but DOF has decided to monitor its birdlife in detail as it is a re-established lake, which means that the list of birds being registered is quite a long one. The area under observation corresponds to the conservation area.

Important Birds:
Whooper Swan, Greylag Goose, Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Goshawk, Sparrowhawk, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard, Kestrel, Snipe, Tawny Owl, Long-eared Owl, Short-eared Owl, Whinchat, Grasshopper Warbler, Great Grey Shrike, Raven, Reed Bunting.

Habitat:
The “new” Bølling Sø was re-established as late as 2005. The original lake was drained in the 1870's, but the soil was poor and farming not very successful. In both World Wars the area provided peat for fuel. Eventually, in 1994, it was decided to re-establish as much of the lake as possible, whilst protecting settlements discovered by archaeologists on several sites in the area, and which date back 9,000-11,000 years.

The present lake is a shallow, low-nutrient, peaty brown lake, fed entirely by rain and springs trickling out of the surrounding hills. It is surrounded by fields, meadows, scrub, reedbeds and open grazing land. However, it remains to be seen how the reedbeds and other biotopes will develop. A few “islands” have been established in the lake. A dam with a path/cycle track forms the lake’s border towards the west, and the water level is regulated by a weir, which also enables fish to move from Skygge Å into the lake. It is hoped that a good habitat for all types of wildlife has been created.

Birds and other Wildlife:       
During 2004-2005 - the first years of the new lake’s life - 42 different species of bird were identified breeding in the area. In 2006, the whole area housed around 80 species of breeding bird, and in 2007 a new species bred here for the first time - a pair of Whooper Swans hatched three cygnets, which is quite a sensation for Denmark.

In summer, various waders such as Lapwing, Golden Plover, Snipe, Greenshank, Green Sandpiper and Ruff stop over here, dependent on whether mudbanks or grass patches appear along the water's edge. So far, 24 species of waders have been identified.

In September, double figure numbers of Buzzard have been observed migrating over the area. During ice-free periods in winter, up to 125 Whooper Swan have been seen. In spring and autumn, large flocks of Mallard, Teal, Coot and Greylag Goose can accumulate here, as well as flocks of Wigeon, Pochard, Tufted Duck and the odd Goldeneye, while several Hen Harrier can pass over the area or roost overnight in the reedbeds. In winter, the area hosts a few Great Grey Shrike.

To date, 187 bird species have been observed at Bølling Sø, including Black-necked Grebe, Arctic Tern, Little Gull, Red-footed Falcon, Honey Buzzard, Great Egret and White-tailed Eagle. The latest new species (2007) were Wryneck and Penduline Tit - it remains to be seen whether they will breed here in the future.

Visiting and Access:
Bølling Sø and the surrounding area can be found north-east of where Route 15 crosses Route 13 west of Silkeborg, on the outskirts of the town of Egesvang. From the town there is access to the western dam with a car park, information board, folders, and other facilities as well as good views. On the other side af the lake there is a nature centre at Klosterlund. Altogether there are 10 car parks and a 12 km long marked nature trail around the lake.

Flyndersø & Stubbergård Sø


Stubbergård Lake seen from bird hide. Photo LN 

Location:  
The two lakes Flyndersø & Stubbergård Sø, with a combined area of 1147 hectares, are situated between the towns of Struer and Skive on the border of the Salling peninsula in the Limfjord region. Together with the smaller lakes Skallesø, Helle Sø and Ladegård Sø they form a string of post-glacial kettle hole lakes, all developed from a sub-glacial stream trench.   

Protection/IBA status:  
The landscapes around Flyndersø and Hjerl Hede were first appointed preservation areas in 1934-35. The landscapes around Helle Sø and Stubbergård Sø became preserved areas in 1980. Part of these lakelands are EU Bird Protection Areas, and part are EU Habitat Areas. The lakes are mainly used for recreation. Fishing is permitted in Flyndersø and Skallesø, and there are other activities such as canoeing on the lake.

Important birds:  
Cormorant, Bittern, Mute Swan, Teal, Goosander, Osprey, Spotted Crake, Kingfisher, Red-backed Shrike.

Habitat:   
The narrow 8 km long Flyndersø, with depths of up to 8 m, is the country’s largest heath lake. The eastern bank is dominated by oak scrub, which is assumed to be the remains of a post-glacial forest. Estvadgård Plantation stretches down to the western bank of the lake. It is mainly pine with smaller interspersed areas of deciduous wood. Hjerl Hede Frilandsmuseum, an open air museum, is situated towards the south.

Flyndersø is a nutrition-rich lake, receiving polluted tributaries from Stubbergård Sø and surrounding areas. Reedbeds are found only in a few patches on the lake banks. Hidden in the pine plantation, immediately north of where Flyndersø becomes extremely narrow, lies yet another smaller lake, Mørkesø, which is preserved as a nutrient-deficient lake, dominated by characteristic plants such as Water Lobelia and Deep Water Quillwort.      
  
Stubbergård Sø, to the south, is a 5 km long narrow lake. Due to its post-glacial kettle hole origin, the average depth is 2.3 m - the deepest point being 10 m. From its tributary Sønderstrømmen the lake receives considerable amounts of organic matter which lead to oxygen depletion in the lake.

In earlier times Stubbergård Sø was surrounded by heaths and grassland, but this has now mostly been converted into farmland or plantations, although the slopes leading down to the lake still preserve their natural vegetation. Some springs on the south-eastern bank of the lake offer habitats for several rare mosses and plants which prefer a cool environment. An area on the north-west side of the lake is unique heathland, with interspersed patches of juniper.    

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding birds:   
Flyndersø: Around 100 pairs of Crested Grebe breed round Flyndersø, together with Cormorant, Mute Swan, Shelduck, Mallard, Water Rail, Lapwing and Snipe. Along Stubber Å Kingfishers can be spotted, and also Red-backed Shrike. The woods around the lake host many passerines, including Long-tailed Tit and Bullfinch, but also Goshawk, Sparrowhawk, Buzzard, Kestrel, as well as a sizeable population of Long-eared Owl. Immediately east of the road at the north end of the lake up to 5 pairs of Nightingale breed, and Grasshopper Warbler has also been heard.   
Helle Sø: Crested Grebe, Shelduck, Mallard, Moorhen and Coot.   
Stubbergård Sø: Approx 10 pairs of Crested Grebe, as well as a smaller number of Little Grebe, Mute Swan, Shelduck, Water Rail, Moorhen and Coot. At the southern end of the lake there is a sizeable Heron colony. Snipe, Cuckoo, Whinchat, Sedge Warbler, Reed Warbler, Whitethroat and Redpoll also breed in the area.    

Migrating birds:   
Flyndersø: One of the reasons the lake has been appointed an EU Bird Protection Area is that large flocks of ducks and mergansers stop over here during migration. In winter, counts of 1400 Mallard and 1200 Mergansers have been recorded. Other passage birds are Cormorant, Grey Heron, Mute Swan, Wigeon, Teal, Pochard, Tufted Duck and Goldeneye. Hen Harrier, Osprey, Common Sandpiper and Common Tern appear in smaller numbers. Kingfisher and Dipper are winter guests that can be seen at the inlet and outlet of the lake. Stubbergård Sø: In July, Greenshank, Green Sandpiper and Common Sandpiper are migrating. From September, Cormorant, Osprey and Dunlin are observed migrating south. Large flocks of Goldeneye and Goosander stop over here during spring and autumn, but some Teal and Mallard also pass through. Great Grey Shrikes are observed annually.

Visiting and Access:
To reach the north-east end of Flyndersø, drive southwards on Route 34 from the town of Skive towards Herning. Alternatively, coming from Struer on Route 513, turn left at the roundabout just before the town of Vinderup and head north-east along Route 189. After approx 5 km, turn right along the Marguerite Route towards Hjerl Hede Museum, situated south of Skalle Sø and on the south-west bank of Flyndersø.    

There is public access to the entire area round Flyndersø for both walkers, cyclists and equestrians on the existing roads and paths. Access to the lake is easiest from the eastern side where there are three marked nature trails. Information and folders are available at major car parks. Access to the lake from the west side is more difficult, except if one pays a visit to the Hjerl Hede Frilandsmuseum - on whose grounds there is a path leading down to the lake.

To reach Stubbergård Sø from Holstebro, for example, leave the town on Route 16 and turn left along the Marguerite Route approx 5 km out of Holstebro. The road carries on all the way to the village of Sevel and the estate of Stubbergård itself, near the lake. Carry on 1 km towards Skive, then turn right east of Helle Sø. From the second car park, three walking trails head off round Stubbergård Sø: Mosestien (1.7 km); a path to the monastery of Stubbergård Kloster (3.5 km); and a 7 km long trail on the east side of the lake.

At the southern end of the lake there are car parks on both the east and west sides. At the middle of the lake on the west side there is yet another car park on the Naurupvej road where a path - which is a bit difficult to negotiate - follows the Naurup Bæk (stream) to the lake. At all car parks there are information posters. Preservation byelaws allow walking along all paths.

Geddal Enge & Sønder Lem Vig

 
View over the reed bed at Sønderlem Creek

Location:   
The meadows of Geddal Enge and the inlet of Sønder Lem Vig are situated on the western side of the Salling peninsula in the Limfjorden. As the crow flies, they are approx 15 km north east of Struer. The meadows at Geddal Enge surround several lagoons on the Limfjord coast, and are separated from Sønder Lem Vig by a dyke along the coast and a dam, bridging the opening between the inlet and the fjord. Some of the land surrounding Sønder Lem Vig is pasture or arable farm land. Geddal Enge is used only for grazing.

Protection/IBA Status:   
Geddal Enge is covered by the Danish Nature Protection Laws. The whole area is an IBA.
 
Important Birds:
Bittern, Whooper Swan, Greylag Goose, Shelduck, Wigeon, Teal, Mallard, Goldeneye, Merganser, Goosander, Marsh Harrier, Spotted Crake, Coot, Ringed Plover, Golden Plover, Lapwing, Dunlin, Snipe, Redshank, Little Tern.

Habitat:    
Geddal Enge were drained in 1958, but attempts to keep the area drained were unsuccessful, and finally the meadows were restored in 1992, with a sluice system provided to regulate water levels, thus allowing the best possible habitat for breeding and migrating birds. The meadows are kept sufficiently dry during the birds’ breeding season, with grazing cattle keeping down unwanted growth. Today, Geddal Enge is an important breeding and staging area, especially for ducks and waders.

Sønder Lem Vig is a wetland area with coastal meadows, reed beds and shallow inlets. It is a former arm of the Limfjord, being separated from the bay of Venø Bugt by a dam. The fjord and inlet are connected by a 200 m long canal, with a pump station at the fjord to keep the water level stable in the inlet. The open water surface area of the inlet itself is approx 350 ha, with approx 150 ha of reedbed, which is particularly dominant on the southern and eastern sides. To the north and east of the inlet there are meadows, and further north there are small woods with deciduous trees and pine.  
   
Birds and other Wildlife:    
Breeding birds:
Geddal Enge: The Greylag Goose, whose goslings are seen in large numbers during springtime, is characteristic of this locality. The Shelduck, with their chicks trailing after them, also liven up the landscape. Several other species, such as Mallard, and most likely Garganey and Shoveler, breed here, as well as Little Grebe, Great Crested Grebe, Mute Swan, Coot and Moorhen. Water Rail is often heard. Many waders such as Snipe, Ringed Plover, Redshank, Lapwing and possibly Dunlin breed in the meadows. Here, too, Yellow Wagtail can be spotted, as well as a fair number of Grey Heron from a neighbouring heronry. Reed Warbler, Bearded Tit, Reed Bunting, Sedge Warbler, Bittern and Marsh Harrier, which all breed in the expanse of reedbeds in the neighbourhood of Sønder Lem Vig, are often observed. Buzzards also breed on the edge of the area, and Goshawk, Sparrowhawk and Kestrel are often spotted.

Sønder Lem Vig: The combination of wetland and the varying landscapes surrounding it makes this area a fine bird locality. From the two observation towers it is possible to hear the Bittern during springtime and to observe Mute Swan, Greylag Goose, Shelduck, Teal, Garganey, Shoveler, Tufted Duck and Bearded Tit. On the coastal meadows there are Snipe and Redshank. On mild spring nights Water Rail, Spotted Crake, Grasshopper Warbler, Sedge Warbler and Marsh Warbler can be heard. Great Crested Grebe, Merganser and Ringed Plover are also amongst the characteristic breeding birds in the area. A nearby farm hosts a small Grey Heron colony.

Migrating birds:
Geddal Enge: During autumn, Teal, Wigeon, Mallard and Little Grebe can be seen in large numbers in the shallow ponds on Geddal Enge. Pintail, Shoveler, Pochard, Tufted Duck, Goldeneye, Smew and Goosander also stop over here, but in smaller numbers. In late June, the first migratory birds arrive from their breeding localities in the north, and throughout summer and autumn the meadows host many different species of waders, such as Snipe, Lapwing, Dunlin, Ruff, Wood Sandpiper, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Common Sandpiper, Curlew and Whimbrel. Curlew Sandpiper, Knot and Little Stint also occur, but in lesser numbers. Occasionally, Red-necked Phalarope and Temminck’s Stint pay a visit. In October Bewick's and Whooper Swans arrive in sizeable flocks. Pink-footed Geese are occasionaly seen. The Hen Harrier is one of the raptors which pass, and on rarer occasions, the Peregrine.

Sønder Lem Vig: In autumn, numerous Wigeon, Goldeneye, Goosander and Coot forage on the open water of the inlet, while thousands of Starlings roost overnight in the reeds. Cormorant, Grey Heron and Osprey are often observed at this time of the year. During winter, Hen Harrier, Buzzard and Rough-legged Buzzard are seen over the reedbeds, where Bearded Tit can also be spotted, while large flocks of Whooper Swan, together with Canada Geese, forage on the meadows. Large flocks of Golden Plover, Lapwing and Dunlin dominate the scene during the early spring months. Huge flocks of passerines, such as Redpoll, Twite and Corn Bunting, can be seen along the dam.    

Visiting and Access:   
Coming from Holstebro on the A11, turn right at the roundabout just before Struer along Route 513. Just before Vinderup turn left at the roundabout onto Route 189, follow this for about 3 km, then turn left along the Marguerite Route via the village of Ejsing towards Geddal Enge and Sønder Lem Vig. Approx. 3 km after Ejsing there is a car park with a picnic area and bird information. The path to the right leads to an observation tower, and further on, to the “Sønderlemsdiget” dam. The path to the left from the car park leads to the raised stone age beach. All three places offer fine views over Geddal Enge. Carrying on across the dam on Hostrupvej, Sønder Lem Vig turns up on the right, with good views over the reedbeds and to the coastal meadows on the left. 

Another possibility is to drive to Vester Egebjerg approx 7 km north of Vinderup and follow Vester Egebjergvej as far as it is surfaced. This is a good spot to scan the reedbeds on the right and the coastal meadows towards the left. The open water in the inlet can be seen from the pump station in the middle of the dam, and when walking along the canal to the inlet itself.    

Finally, it is possible to access the area from the north from Bustrup along Sønderlemvej, turning towards Bustrup Plantation where there is a car park, from where a path leads to an observation tower. This is a good place to be during springtime!

The Glomstrup Vig & Agerø area. 

 
The bird hide on Agerø with the reserve in the background

Location:  
This area comprises the inland waters and coasts off the large island of Mors in the Limfjorden. More specifically, it takes in Agerø, Glomstrup Vig, the coast around Jegindø, Skibsted Fjord, the island of Lindholm, various other islets, and - towards the north - the sound of Nees Sund.

It is an area of post-glacial moraine, with fjords that were once sub-glacial stream trenches, and old moraine hills, the tops of which nowadays appear as islands sticking out of the Limfjord. With sand and silt being moved around by wind, currents, erosion and sedimentation, this is a constantly changing landscape.  

Protection/IBA Status:    
All the inland water in this locality is a nature reserve (5656 ha) with various restrictions on sailing and hunting. Brokær, Doverkil, Katholm Odde and Munkholm Odde are conservation areas. The locality is an appointed IBA and also an EU Bird Protection Area. Moreover, it forms part of a large area protected under the EU Habitats Directive. The Danish Bird Protection Fund (Fugleværnsfonden) owns 26 ha of land on the north-west corner of Agerø. This bird reserve comprises Stenklipperne and Holmene (all the islets off the coast) and a stretch of coastal meadow on Agerø itself. 

Important Birds:    
The IBA, which is identical with the EU Bird Protection Area, has been nominated due to the large numbers of passage Golden Plover (more than 1% of the migrating population) and waterbirds (not including gulls) which number over 20,000 in total. Other birds which are being monitored due to national importance are Bittern, Whooper Swan, Bewick's Swan, Pale-bellied Brent Goose, Goldeneye, Red-breasted Merganser, Marsh Harrier, Avocet, Golden Plover, Dunlin, Ruff, Arctic Tern, Little Tern.  

Habitat:   
This locality consists primarily of shallow inland waters, such as Skibsted Fjord, the stretch of water north and west of Jegindø and much of the waters around Agerø. Doverodde is one of the most unspoiled areas in the Limfjord region. Consistent, powerful currents provide nutrition and well oxygenated water for the fjord’s flora and fauna. There are sizeable areas of Eel-grass, which thrives at depths of 1.8 - 4.5 m, such as in the inlet at Boddum. More Eel-grass beds are found on both sides of the embankment leading to Agerø, along the coast of Mors, at the spits of Munkholm Odde and Katholm Odde, and on the north-west side of Jegindø.  

Agerø is mainly farmed, but there are many fine coastal meadows. The bird reserve in the north-west corner has a path leading down to a hide with good views of the meadows and islets. The island of Jegindø is mainly farmland too, but also has coastal meadows at the north and west of the promontory. Katholm and Munkholm are rounded spits with lagoons, coastal meadows and old coastal cliffs. The north part of the island of Lindholm used to be farmed, but is now lying fallow, with meadows and plantations. The remaining part is typical coastal meadow, often flooded during autumn storms. The south-west coast of the island of Mors comprises several interesting coastal meadows such as Rotholmene (spits and islets), Ager Vejle (wetland), Glomstrup Vig and Søndervig, all with a rich bird life.

Birds and other Wildlife:
The Pale-bellied Brent Goose is the “star” of the area. Since the Bird Protection Fund acquired land on Agerø, the numbers of geese seen here have increased from approx 800 to 5000, which is up to 85% of the global population. The best time to observe the geese is in April and May.  

Waders, Goldeneye and Mergansers are also numerous in the area. On Skibsted Fjord counts of several thousands have been recorded.  During winter, Peregrine and Merlin are commonly observed on and around Agerø, as are Shore Lark, Twite and Snow Bunting. Grey Plover and various Calidris waders are common migratory birds. Curlews are seen all year. During August and September many Greylag Geese visit. Redshank, Lapwing, Oystercatcher and Ringed Plover all breed in the area. Avocet also breed here, but not in large numbers. The Southern Dunlin variant Calidris alpina schinzii was observed in 2003, but its breeding status is uncertain. Common ducks such as Mallard, Shelduck and small numbers of Red-breasted Merganser breed in the area. Two pairs of breeding Eider were found in 2005. There are breeding raptors such as Buzzard, Kestrel, Long-eared Owl and Barn Owl. Arctic Tern and Yellow Wagtail breed here in small numbers.

Visiting and Access:
Agerø and surroundings: From the Marguerite Route 545 on Mors, several smaller roads head to the south-west coast where there is access via a causeway to Agerø with the Bird Protection Fund’s sanctuary. After the causeway there is a car park after the third farm on the right. From here a 700 m path leads to a bird hide.  

The Boddum promontory: From the A11 between Thisted and Struer 2 km north of Ydby turning off east a small road leads to Doverkil with fine views from the embankment and the hill at Boddum Kirke.  

Munkholm Odde and Katholm Odde are situated on Thyholm and can be reached from the A11 by driving through the village of Hvidbjerg north-east towards the Overgårdsminde farm. Turn right before the stables where parking on the farm track is possible, as long as farm vehicles are not obstructed. From here there are fine views over the area. 

The islets of Lindholm and Fuglholm being private property, permission to access must be requested before landing.

Harboøre Tange, Plet Enge & Gjeller Sø
 

 
Slavonian Grebe. Photo: John Larsen 

Location:  
Coupled with Agger Tange on the northern side, Harboøre Tange is the southern bar at the western outlet of the Limfjord, situated between Nissum Bredning and the North Sea. Further to the south, and immediately east of the town of Harboøre, are the meadows of Plet Enge. To the south-east of Plet Enge, around 5 km north of Lemwig, are the lake of Gjeller Sø and the spit of Gjeller Odde.

Protection/IBA Status:
The whole area is an EU Bird Protection Area. Harboøre Tange is also a Ramsar Site. It is furthermore a conservation area, together with part of Plet Enge. The IBA is identical with the EU Bird Protection Area. Harboøre Tange is owned by the Danish State.

Important Birds:
Black-necked Grebe, Cormorant, Bewick's Swan, Whooper Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Barnacle Goose, Pale-bellied Brent Goose, Wigeon, Pintail, Marsh Harrier, Avocet, Kentish Plover, Dunlin, Ruff, Black-tailed Godwit, Common Tern, Arctic Tern, Little Tern, Short-eared Owl. 

There are 3 sub-localities which it is recommended to visit, and which are described individually below: 

1) Harboøre Tange
2) Plet Enge
3) Gjeller Sø & Odde

1) Harboøre Tange:

Habitat:
Harboøre Tange is partly raised sea bed and partly sediment deposited by sea currents. The only raised areas in this otherwise flat region are the western sea dyke, the dykes enclosing the area to the south and north, and the railway embankment dyke to the east. On Rønland, a promontory east of the railway, the tall chimneys of the Cheminova chemical plant and giant wind turbines are visible from all over Harboøre Tange.

Harboøre Tange is dominated by two large and several small shallow brackish lagoons. The Klydesø (Avocet Lake), an artificial lake with two islets, attracts many breeding birds. Around the lagoons and on both sides of the road on the western side of the lagoons there are coastal meadows where cattle graze.

The meadows of Knopper Enge are found north of the southern lagoon. A few plots at the southern end of the bar are still farmed, and there is a shooting range. The eastern flanks of the lagoons are characterized by scrub - consisting mainly of willow and Sea Buckthorn - and a stretch of reedbeds.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Characteristic birds found at Harboøre Tange are Lapwing, Redshank, Oystercatcher, Ringed Plover and sizeable populations of Black-tailed Godwit and Dunlin. Ruff occasionally breed in the area, as well as Kentish Plover, which earlier was quite common. Avocet breed in large numbers, particularly in the Klydesø. Of waterfowl, there are large numbers of Mallard and Coot and a few pairs of Teal, Pintail, Tufted Duck, Shoveler, Garganey, Gadwall, Mute Swan, Little and Great Crested Grebe, which all breed here.

There are several Cuckoos and a large number of Sedge Warblers. A few pairs of Scarlet Rosefinch possibly breed in the scrub.The area is renowned for migrating ducks, seabirds and - to a lesser extent - raptors and passerines. 

Pink-footed Geese arrive during winter (in mild winters they come as early as January), especially on Knopper Enge where, since 1991, they have also started to feed during spring. Virtually all other Scandinavian geese species stage here too in sizeable numbers, as do a variety of ducks that arrive a little later on in April. In May, waders predominate: not least the Ruff, with its variegated feathering and its spectacular display.

However, autumn is the most impressive time of the year both with regard to the variety of species and the numbers of birds, all depending on weather, water-levels and forage. Adult birds migrate from mid-July, whereas the young follow in August. In good years with low water, all waders seen in Denmark (up to 25 species) can be observed here in early August. It is one of the best sites for Red-necked Phalarope. Grey Phalarope and various species of Calidris waders from America have occasionally been spotted. During late October, Whooper Swans arrive, together with passerines such as Shore Lark, Lapland Bunting and Snow Bunting. Guillemots, Razorbills and divers can be seen out at sea, occasionally even Great Northern and White-billed Divers.   

Visiting and Access:
Route 181 along the west coast or Route 513 leading west out of the Limfjord town of Lemvig both lead to Harboøre Tange. On Harboørevej it is possible to stop at the roadside and cross the railway from where there are good views over the area.  Further along the road there are 3 car parks/passing places, on the west side of the road.

The stretch between the 2nd and 3rd passing place can be recommended for a walk along the scrub to look for passerines. It can be a good idea to turn left along Rønlandvej and drive west to join the old road leading to Thyborøn. By staying inside the car, there is a good chance of observing ducks and waders on the meadows in front of the sea dyke. A walk along the old railway embankment by Klydesø can also be recommneded. There is no access to the meadows during the birds’ breeding season from 15th April until 15th July.

There are tracks for walking or cycling either on top of or inside the sea dyke on the Vestkyststi, offering views over both the groins, the sea, and the meadows inside the dyke. At Refshalen, south of the Agger Ferry, it is often possible to observe large numbers of Purple Sandpiper. Thyborøn Harbour is also worth a visit, particularly the northern pier with its fish auction halls, where many gulls accumulate on the roofs.

2) Plet Enge:

Habitat:    
Plet Enge is a completely flat raised sea-bed, bordering on to an ancient coastline of moraine cliffs at Hygum Bakker to the south, which tower up in the landscape. Originally, Plet Enge was a wide stretch of meadowland, but later this was largely drained, which transformed the area into farmland, chequered nowadays by rows of deciduous hedgerows. Holmene and Sønderholme Enge towards the north and north-east came under preservation orders in 1984; since then they have been used only for cattle grazing and hay harvesting.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding Birds: Lapwing, Redshank, and a few pairs of Shelduck. Kestrel breed here too, often on pylons. 
Migrating Birds:  The best time of the year to visit Plet Enge is from December to May. Together with the adjoining fjord areas of Nissum Bredning it is an important locality for wintering Pale-bellied Brent Geese, present from December to March in numbers of up to 1200, together with hundreds of Shelducks and  smaller counts of Bewick's and Whooper Swans.

In April-May sizeable numbers of Whimbrel and Curlew turn up, and thousands of Golden Plover settle on the coastal meadows and fields. In mild winters, large flocks of Pink-footed Goose arrive in the area as early as January. Smaller numbers of Bean Goose, Barnacle Goose, Snow Goose, White-fronted Goose and occasionally the odd Lesser White-fronted Goose mingle with the Pink-footed Goose. These geese sometimes stop here until early May before migrating to their northern breeding grounds.

Raptors such as Hen Harrier, Sparrowhawk, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard, Kestrel and Merlin are partial to this area. Along the hedgerows and in particular at the start of Stausholmvej road the Ring Ouzel is often seen in April.

Visiting and Access:   
From 1st April - 15th July, access to the Nature Reserve meadows is prohibited, but the northern part can be viewed from the Tyborønvej, and from the same road, at the southern end of the zone, the geese can be observed on the fields during the migration season. From Harboøre town to the end of Stavsholmvej there are fine views over the coastal meadows and Nissum Bredning towards both north and south.

3) Gjeller Sø & Odde:

Habitat:   
Gjeller Sø and Odde, situated on a raised sea-bed, is a good example of a recurved spit enclosing Gjeller Sø and a number of other small brackish lagoons. The landscape is low and flat, dominated by beach ridges originating from earlier coastlines. New lagoons are still being created, ie Follop Odde at the eastern end of Gjeller Odde.    

The vegetation here is mainly Crowberry and heather, with a dwarf mountain pine plantation in the north. Gjeller Sø is of particular scientific interest with a well developed lake bottom vegetation, such as a species of Stonewort.   

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding Birds: A couple of Black-headed Gull colonies, a few pairs of Great Crested Grebe, Mute Swan, Mallard and Coot  make the stable bird population on Gjeller Odde.   
Migrating Birds: During winter months many ducks use the locality: Pochard, Tufted Duck, Scaup and a number of Goldeneye. Great Crested Grebe, Whooper Swan, Bewick's Swan, several species of dabbling ducks, as well as the odd Slavonian Grebe and Smew, are regular visitors.

Visiting and Access:    
Arriving from Lemvig there are views all along the Gjeller Sø lake, as the road carries on all the way along the south, east and north-east banks of the lake. The best views, however, are found by turning left along the 500 m long approach road Porsevej. Continue along the farm track, cross the canal to the western dyke from where the birds can be observed at close range. There is access to all the Gjeller Sø & Odde area on foot.

The Heath Bog in Southern Feldborg Plantation

 

 
The heath bog May 2004. Photo: Gert Thorhauge Andersen. 

Location:  
Søndre Feldborg Plantation is part of Feldborg State Forest about 15 km east of Holstebro. It was planted as early as 1836 and consists mainly of large areas of common spruce. The heath bog lies at the northern end of Søndre Feldborg Plantation, immediately south of Route 469 between Avlum and Karup.

Protection/IBA Status:
The area is an EU Bird Protection Area and has also been appointed an IBA.

Important Birds:
Whooper Swan, Wood Sandpiper (the latter having bred here for the last time in 1986).

Habitat:   
The bog in Feldborg Plantation contains several lakes, the largest being Lillesø. Next to this lake, there are two old pens originating from times when an oxen drovers' road passed through this area. Cattle drives ceased around 1870. Another bog and meadow area can be found at the south end of the plantation.

The northern heath and bog is a Nature Reserve and is managed by the Forestry and Nature Agency with an aim to protect flora and fauna. The current management plan entails removing an area of scrub to create a more open heath landscape, in the hope of attracting breeding Wood Sandpiper again.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding Birds: Most common pinewood birds are found in the plantation, together with less common species such as Redstart, Garden Warbler, Siskin, Redpoll, Bullfinch, Cuckoo, Whinchat, Red-backed Shrike and Woodlark. Nightjar and Woodcock are also heard on mild spring evenings. Mallard, Little Grebe, Black-headed Gull, Goshawk, Sparrowhawk and Buzzard are stable breeding birds in this locality. Occasionally Osprey and Short-eared Owl can be spotted.
Migrating Birds: In Lillesø, up to 650 Whooper Swans have been seen. Teal and Goosander have been observed. The Great Grey Shrike is regularly seen on the heath. Sizeable flocks of Wood Sandpiper stop over here on their way to their breeding grounds a little further north, in Thy. Common Sandpiper and Greenshank are also regular visitors.   

Visiting and Access:
Driving east out of Holstebro for 3-4 km on Route 16, turn right along Route 185 to Hodsager. 2 km further on, turn left at the roundabout onto the Aulum-Karup road, Route 467, which runs through the northern end of Søndre Feldborg Plantation.  Here there is a car park from where it is possible to walk or cycle into the plantation. 2 km south-west of the car park, Vistorpvej leads eastwards through the plantation, and it is allowed to park anywhere along this road. North of the bog is an observation tower.   

Nissum Fjord


Holmen, May 2004. Original beach meadow, a good site for breeding birds.
Photo: Egon Østergaard.

Location:  
Nissum Fjord is situated approx 25 km west of Holstebro. The fjord lies sheltered behind a narrow tongue of land with the fishing port of Thorsminde providing the only connection between the fjord and the North Sea.

Protection/IBA Status:
Nissum Fjord and the surrounding landscape comprise some of the most important bird localities in West Jutland, being of international significance for both breeding and staging ducks, waders and geese. Various sub-localities have been appointed EU Bird Protection Areas, Ramsar Sites, and IBAs. Moreover, the entire area was appointed a Nature Reserve in 1936, and it is also protected under the EU Habitats Directive due to the presence of various rare species of fish, Otter, and several rare plants. 

Important Birds:
Cormorant, Bittern, Mute Swan, Bewick's Swan, Whooper Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Pale-bellied Brent Goose, Barnacle Goose, Greylag Goose, Red-breasted Merganser, Goosander, Wigeon, Pintail, Teal, Shoveler, Marsh Harrier, Spotted Crake, Avocet, Kentish Plover, Golden Plover, Dunlin,  Ruff, Black-tailed Godwit, Bar-tailed Godwit, Redshank, Black-headed Gull, Sandwich Tern, Arctic Tern, Common Tern, Little Tern.    

Habitat:   
Nissum Fjord has an average depth of only 1 m. The deepest spots are 2-3 metres and are found in Felsted Kog and out in the middle of the fjord. In fact, the northern part of Bøvling fjord is so shallow that wind surges can occasionally “empty” it. Inflows come from various rivers, the major ones being Ramme Å, Flynder Å, and not least Storå, which runs into the eastern corner of Felsted Kog.

Since the 1870s, a more or less efficient regulation of the fjord’s water level by means of a sluice means that salt water is circulated in Nissum Fjord. On the western side of the fjord, salinity can reach 20-25‰.  Draining of various areas to reclaim farmland has, over time, been carried out more or less successfully. 

Visiting and Access:  
Nissum Fjord is most easily approached from Route 181 which runs along the west coast and passes the fishing port of Thorsminde. To access the localities east of the fjord, several minor roads leading off Route 28 (connecting Lemvig and Ulfborg) can be used.      

Four sub-localities are recommended for bird-watching round Nissum Fjord:

1) Felsted Kog
2) Fjandø
3) The dune bar and Bøvling Fjord
4) Indfjorden

1) Felsted Kog: 

Felsted Kog is situated in the south-east corner of Nissum Fjord. It was originally an open arm of Nissum Fjord, but in 1870 a dam was constructed around it and a pump station established. Several hundred hectares were drained, with the idea of turning the enclosed area into arable land. However, only a few years later, violent storms broke through the dam on the north-west side and put an end to the enterprise.The remains of the old dam can still be seen, but on the Nissum Fjord side only, with three grassy holms bearing witness to the dam’s existence. The meadows surrounding Felsted Kog, on the other hand, have been drained and reclaimed successfully.

The islet north of Felsted Odde, Sandø, should be mentioned. This islet, which is now covered by reedbeds, was created by sand obtained from dredging the navigation channel in the polder during the 1940s.   

Habitat:   
Along the dam all the way around the polder there are wide stretches of reedbeds interspersed with several ponds and ditches. Large areas of reeds are harvested every winter, but strips of reedbeds are left out in the open water to provide nesting sites for waterfowl.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding birds: Great Crested Grebe, Bittern, Mute Swan, Greylag Goose, Marsh Harrier, Coot, dabbling ducks, and a large population of Sedge Warblers. Grasshopper Warbler and Bearded Tit are seen here, and probably breed. On a small meadow where cattle graze in the northern part of the polder, there are small but dense populations of dabbling ducks and waders. The islet of Sandø north of Felsted Odde used to house one of the largest colonies of Black-headed Gulls and Sandwich Terns in Denmark. 
Migratory birds: Felsted Kog is important for migrating ducks. The open water in the middle of the polder, the south-west corner, and the areas immediately north of Felsted Odde host large flocks of Pochard, Tufted Duck, Scaup, Goldeneye and Goosander in the winter months.      

Visiting and Access:   
Due to the distances and dense reedbeds, it is difficult to get near Felsted Kog and to find views of open water. But there are several small roads west of the villages of Vemb and Ulfborg on Route 28 that lead out into the area.

The reedbeds and a cattle-grazed area can be observed west of the village of Gørding, where there is also an observation tower. On the south side of the polder, the small harbour at Kyttrup is well worth a visit, as well as Inddybet Klosterhul  where it is possible to scan the middle part of the polder from the top of the dyke.

Finally, Felsted Odde with views out to the Sandø, the holms, and the north side of the polder, is recommended.

Felsted Kog has been a Nature Reserve since 1936. This appointment was re-enforced in 1986, prohibiting all access and hunting inside the reserve. 


2) Fjandø:

The islands of Fjandø and the smaller Kollingø are situated in the southern part of Nissum Fjord. They were previously important sites for coastal bird colonies, but predation by foxes and other factors have led to a dramatic decline in the breeding populations.

Habitat:   
The small island of Fjandø has a shoreline of dry coastal meadows backed by dune-like beach ridges. The centre is heathland. In the northern and eastern parts of the island, there are several small ponds and water holes with corresponding vegetation. Sheep keep the vegetation trimmed.

On Kollingø, north-west of Fjandø, vegetation changes according to wind, weather and the breeding birds’ influence. Some years vegetation becomes very sparse, and the island is exposed to erosion.

Birds and other Wildlife: 
Fjandø and Kollingø used to shelter prolific populations of breeding gulls, terns, ducks, waders, swans and cormorants. Due to decimation from foxes and other small preying mammals, and pollution having changed the available forage, their numbers have been so dramatically reduced that they are now at their lowest ever. For example, the number of breeding Mute Swan has fallen from 40-50 pairs to just one or two pairs over the past 6 years. 

Migrating birds: Fjandø is not very important for migrating birds, but the meadows on the north-west side of the island are increasingly being favoured by Pale-bellied Brent Geese during March-May. They graze on the Common Saltmarsh Grass that grows here. Wigeon also forage in large numbers. In the shallow waters west of the island, Bewick’s Swan, Wigeon, Pintail and Curlew, amongst others, are seen during the spring months. During the hunting season not many birds are seen.

Visiting and Access: 
Fjandø, Kollingø and the surrounding waters can be scanned from a small boat harbour just north of the village of Nørre Fjand. Especially during the months of March-July, the rich birdlife of Fjandø’s meadows and beach ridges can be observed - a telescope is recommended. Fjandø and Kollingø are so-called Island Reserves with no access within a 100 m zone between 1st April and 31st August.

3) The Dune Bar & Bøvling Fjord:

The 12 km sand bar separating Nissum Fjord and the North Sea consists of Fjand Grønne to the south, Holmen (which is the meadow area immediately south of Thorsminde),  and Bøvling Klit to the north.

Habitat:  
Nissum Fjord’s best preserved meadows are situated on the bar east of Route 181. In the middle of the 20th century, a considerable part of the meadows was drained and made arable. However, a preservation scheme instigated in 1984 put an end to all arable farming in the area. This, in turn, led to uncontrolled growth of reedbeds and grasses, threatening the birdlife on the meadows and the mudbanks in the fjord, but during the 1990s agreements were finalized with the owners, who are now financially subsidised to let cattle graze the areas.    

There are small patches of meadow to the north and east of Bøvling Fjord. At Ramme Å west of the village of Hovsøre, the meadows were made arable around 1969, after the stream was regulated and a dyke established along the north side of the fjord; but on the east side of Bøvling Fjord, there are still valuable meadow areas, particularly at Krogshede and at the western end of the Færgen channel between Bøvling Fjord and Inderfjorden.

The water level in Bøvling Fjord is often so low that waders can forage in the middle of the fjord - and at times, wind blows it dry, exposing sizeable mudbanks. During the 1970s, large quantities of nitrates from surrounding farmland leached into the fjord, causing a growth in algae, which shut out the light from the bed of the fjord. This had serious effects on the beds of Eel-grass and other sea grasses that were formerly so abundant. The numbers of staging swans and sea feeding ducks decreased dramatically, and Pale-bellied Brent Goose changed its diet from Eel-grass in the fjord to Common Saltmarsh Grass on the meadows.   

Birds and other Wildlife:   
A great number of birds breed on the meadows along the dune bar and north and west of Bøvling Fjord: Greylag Goose, Shelduck, Mallard, Shoveler, Oystercatcher, Avocet, Ringed Plover, Lapwing, Dunlin, Ruff (on and off), Snipe, Black-tailed Godwit, Redshank, Arctic Tern and Yellow Wagtail. Little Tern, breeding at the coast, is often seen in the area. The numbers of these birds have, however, declined somewhat in later years, as reedbeds have started to encroach on the meadows.    

Migrating birds: Holmen, Bøvling Klit and Bøvling Fjord are particularly important staging localities for swans, geese, ducks and waders. Greylag Goose (of which the numbers are increasing, with counts often up to 2500), Pink-footed Goose (often 2500) and Pale-bellied Goose (often 500) are seen on the bar and the fields near Høvsøre in spring. The Pale-bellied Brent Geese are best seen on the meadows north and south of Thorsminde. In June-July huge flocks of Shelduck (some years up to 5000) can be spotted in the northern part of Bøvling Fjord.

Other dabbling ducks use the area on migration, culminating in March-April and September-October, when they often are seen on the coastal meadows and in dense flocks of several thousand on Bøvling Fjord.    

Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard, Kestrel, Merlin and Peregrine are spotted, and White-tailed Eagle and Gyr Falcon have also been known to winter here.   

For avian popularity, Bøvling Fjord comes second in Denmark only to the Wadden Sea, further south on the west coast. Golden Plover (up to 5000) and Lapwing are seen in large numbers, as well as Avocet (up to 1500); the same goes for Curlew. In spring, when water levels are low, Whimbrel are seen in numbers of 5000, as well as many Dunlin. 400 Ruffs have been counted in May. Arctic Skua is often observed in the fjord, and flocks of Little Tern are spotted, particularly in spring. Purple Sandpipers are often seen on the jetties in Thorsminde during winter. Most winters, Glaucous Gulls visit Thorsminde Harbour, which also shelters Mute Swans and sea ducks - and occasionally a rarity can be blown in.
   
Visiting and Access:  
The entire area of the sand bar and the western parts of Bøvling Fjord can be overviewed from the coast road or from the dunes. North of Thorsminde the fjord has several inlets reaching right up to the road, from where it is possible to watch the waders at a fair distance. 

A gravel track along the south side of the sluice canal leads to an area of scrub east of Thorsminde, from where the outer parts of the coastal meadows on Holmen can be observed. In this area, which is part of a Nature Reserve, various access, sailing and hunting restrictions and prohibitions are enforced.

4) Indfjorden:

Towards the east is Indfjorden, connected with Bøvling Fjord by the narrow Færgen channel.  

Habitat:   
Indfjorden is a small fresh-water lake-like fjord, surrounded by reedbeds and Softstem Bullrushes. The areas in the vicinity  east and north of Indfjorden are generally farmed, but there are still some meadow plots. The three small lakes east of Indfjorden - Tangsø, Byn Sø and Søndersund - are of interest due to the rare plants found along their shores. 

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding birds: Great Crested Grebe, Mute Swan, Greylag Goose, Shelduck, Mallard, Garganey, Shoveler, Marsh Harrier, Coot, Lapwing, Snipe, Redshank and Yellow Wagtail.   
Migrating birds: Mute Swan, Teal, Mallard, Pochard, Tufted Duck, Goldeneye, Goosander and Osprey.

Visiting and Access:  
On Route 28, south of the village of Bækmarksbro,  a road leads west along the south side of Flynder Å to Ulfsund. Turn right (north) here to the bridge of Sundbro from where the three lakes and the east part of Indfjorden can be seen. In the middle of the north side of Indfjorden there is a small boat harbour with good views over the fjord. In severe winters many waterfowl accumulate in a space of open water that remains ice-free at the mouth of Flynder Å.

Nørlund Plantation & Harrild Heath


Red-backed Shrike. Photo: Niels Brøgger 

Protection/IBA Status:
The heath and plantation are owned by the Danish State and managed by Randbøl Forestry Commission. Three areas in Nørlund Plantation have been appointed Nature Reserves: Harrild Heath (1/3 of the plantation), a large open area north of Harrild Heath, and Castenskjolds Høj (a small heath) south of Harrild fish farm. The locality is also an EU Habitat Area.

The area has been pinpointed as being of national interest, although it is not an international IBA.   

Important Birds:
Whooper Swan, Teal, Hen Harrier, Golden Eagle, Osprey, Crane, Curlew, Wood Sandpiper, Long-eared Owl, Nightjar, Black Woodpecker, Woodlark, Grey Wagtail, Dipper, Red-backed Shrike, Great Grey Shrike, Raven.

Habitat:  
Harrild Heath is a rather flat heath surrounded by plantations. To the north are groups of tall pine trees, interspersed by patches of younger pine trees, with only very sparse deciduous woodland. In 1971 approx 600 ha were burnt down, and in many places the scorched tree trunks can still be seen in the open landscape. The northern reserve consists of a large open area of heather moor dotted with bogs and ponds. This is where the brook of Hallund Bæk has its source. Further south is Harrild Heath, where all trees, except juniper, are kept down.  

Birds and other Wildlife: 
Breeding birds: Mostly forest dwellers, for example Wryneck, Great Spotted Woodpecker, Woodlark, Redstart, Mistle Thrush, Blackcap, Red-backed Shrike, Siskin, Redpoll, Crossbill, Bullfinch. 1-2 pairs of Tawny Owl and Long-eared Owl breed here. Black Woodpecker seems to have taken up residence, and there are 2-3 pairs of  Great Grey Shrike in the open heath. 
The northern burnt-down area is one of Denmark’s best Nightjar localities, with 15-25 pairs. Furthermore, Goshawk, Sparrowhawk, Buzzard and Raven breed here. The ponds and boggy areas are populated by Teal, Mallard, Water Rail, Snipe, Whinchat and Reed Bunting amongst others. Green Woodpecker, Grey Wagtail, and perhaps the odd Kingfisher and Long-tailed Tit breed at Harrild fish farm.   

Migrating birds: Every year, during migration or in winter, Kestrel, Curlew, Wood Sandpiper, Dipper, Wheatear, Pied Flycatcher, Great Grey Shrike and Brambling are seen. An Osprey occasionally visits Holtum Å in September. In total 123 birds species have been observed here. 

Visiting and Access:  
There are five car parks around the area from which trails lead out into the plantation and the heath:

-On Route 185  between Ikast and Ejstrupholm there is a car park 2-3 km south of the village of Isenvad. The forest road starting here is called Midtervej.
- Between Ikast and Brande a car park on Voulundgårdvej road offers access to Harrild Heath. Voulundgårdvej is found by driving east out of the village of Søbylund carrying on through Vovlund into the heath.
- A third car park can be found in the middle of the plantation, next to the farmhouse of Bjerregård. It is reached by driving on along the same road as above. It is also possible to get to Bjerregård from Route 185, driving west along Bjerregårdvej road.
- There is a camp site with an information map and folders at Harrild fish farm situated at Holtum Å on the road between Ejstrupholm and Fasterholt villages.
- An information post, with map and marked walks, is also found in a car park on Skovlyvej 200 m east of Harrild fish farm. Skovlyvej road leads 1700 m north into the plantation and to the heath itself.

Ringkøbing Fjord
             

View towards Klægbanke seen from Halby December 2005. Three species of swans are foraging by the hundreds. Notice the wide reedbed in the foreground, which with a little patience is always good for Bearded Tit. 

Location:  
Ringkøbing Fjord is one of Denmark’s largest inland lagoons, and separated from the North Sea only by the 1-2 km wide dune bar, Holmsland Klit. In the middle of the bar is an opening to the North Sea at the fishing port of Hvide Sande, with its access sluice to Ringkøbing Fjord.

Protection/IBA Status:
The entire fjord was declared a Nature Reserve in 1985, followed up by later appointments as a Ramsar Site and an EU Bird Protection Area.  

Important Birds:
Cormorant, Bittern, Spoonbill, Mute Swan, Bewick's Swan, Whooper Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Greylag Goose, Barnacle Goose, Dark-bellied Brent Goose, Shelduck, Wigeon, Teal, Pintail, Shoveler, Goldeneye, Goosander, Marsh Harrier, Montagu's Harrier, Peregrine, Spotted Crake, Coot, Avocet, Dotterel, Golden Plover, Dunlin, Ruff, Black-tailed Godwit, Bar-tailed Godwit, Redshank, Black-headed Gull, Sandwich Tern, Common Tern, Arctic Tern, Short-eared Owl, Red-backed Shrike.

Habitat:   
This shallow brackish fjord, with its low-lying coastline, is characterised by extensive reedbeds, and massive wind farms on its eastern perimeter.

Visiting and Access:  
Ringkøbing Fjord is bounded on the west by Route 181, the main north-south coastal road. At the north of the fjord the Marguerite Route 15 runs from the coast road on to Route 28. Head off to the right, all the way southwards, east of the fjord. At the town of Skjern, Route 423 runs south-west to Nørre Nebel where another Marguerite route heads north-west to Nymindegab on the coast. At Vesterlund, 1 km before Nymindegab, a minor road takes off to the right heading out to Tipperne.  

Five sub-localities around Ringkøbing Fjord can be recommended:

1) Velling Bugt
2) Klægbanken 
3) Tipperne, Værnengene and Nymindestrømmen
4) Sandene  
5) The Vestas path, Ringkøbing Harbour      
 

1) Velling Bugt:

Velling Bugt is the shallow bay situated in the north-east part of Ringkøbing Fjord.   

Habitat:   
South of Rødebro there are relatively wide reedbeds, harvested during winter. The meadows round the bay are drained and farmed, but at Rødebro there is a small fallow meadow. Part of the reedbeds are overgrown with willow scrub. Along the public path at Velling Church is a boggy area overgrown with nettles.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding birds: Great Crested Grebe, Mute Swan, Mallard, Shoveler and Coot. In the reedbeds Water Rail, Sedge Warbler, Reed Warbler and Reed Bunting abound. On the meadow at Rødebro, Snipe and Redshank are found. Along the path below Velling, Grasshopper Warbler and Marsh Warbler are heard in the nettle growth. Marsh Harrier do not breed in the area, but are seen daily on their foraging flights from their breeding grounds on Klægbanken. A nearby plantation houses a Grey Heron colony.    

Migrating Birds: Outside the breeding season this area still offers fine birding experiences. During spring, flocks of Pink-footed Goose and Curlew are often seen on the fields south of Velling. In July-August Golden Plover, Curlew and Whimbrel all stage here. The Osprey is a regular visitor throughout September. During winter Hen Harrier, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard and Kestrel are common. All year round Grey Herons are seen, either wading out in the bay or flying around in the area.    

Visiting and Access:  
The old road between Ringkøbing and Lem follows the east coast of Ringkøbing Fjord and passes through Velling. The fjord and its environs can be overviewed from this road. Best panoramas are from the road between Hebeltoft and Rødebro and at Velling Church. There is a short walk, starting north of the church’s stone wall. Along the road between Ringkøbing and Velling there is also a cycle track.

2) Klægbanken:

is a 3 km long, narrow islet situated on the far eastern side of Ringkøbing Fjord, straight across from the fishing port of Hvide Sande. It is a Scientific Nature Research reserve, associated with the other reserve at Tipperne further south in the fjord.  Access to the islet is not permitted. On the coast 1.5 km east of Klægbanken is Halby with a holiday bungalow colony in an earlier sand-drift area.

Habitat:   
The 1500 m straight separating Halby and Klægbanken is very shallow, and north and south of Klægbanken silt banks are exposed sufficiently for waders, geese and gulls to forage on. Klægbanken itself is covered with reedbeds.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Migrating Birds: Mute Swan dominate all year, and during winter hundreds of Bewick's and Whooper Swans join them. Greylag and Pink-footed Geese stage here too. On the water or in the air, thousands of ducks move about: Shelduck, Wigeon, Teal, Mallard, Pintail, Tufted Duck, Goldeneye and Coot. Klægbanken is very important for gulls roosting here overnight. During migration waders - for example, Golden Plover, Lapwing and Dunlin - stop off here; it is difficult to see them because of the distance, except when something disturbs them and the flocks rise into the air.

In July there are good chances of seeing Caspian Terns. In October and November a few hundred Avocets visit. In winter and during migration, Hen Harrier, Buzzard and Rough-legged Buzzard are common, while White-tailed Eagle and Peregrine are occasionally seen on the islet. Sparrowhawk, Kestrel and Short-eared Owl are commonly spotted along the coast at the holiday bungalow colony. In the reeds along the path it is possible to catch a glimpse of the Bearded Tit.

Visiting and Access:  
The road between Velling and Stauning runs right past this locality. In the area's northern part there is a private car park, "Halby Havn", but the owner does allow parking. Drive along Enebærvej road until it ends at the car park. This is the closest spot to get a view of Klægbanken, but the birdwatcher is placed too low for decent viewing.

Approx 100 m before the car park, a long public path heads south along the fjord on the old beach ridges, rising 4 or 5 m, so that it is possible to see over to Klægbanken. However, a telescope is recommended to be able to identify the birds. Be aware also of the sun's blinding position. 

3) Tipperne, Værnengene and Nymindestrømmen:

Tipperne and Værnengene meadows are situated on a promontory  in the southern part of Ringkøbing Fjord. Nymindestrømmen is the channel connecting  Ringkøbing Fjord with old lagoons further south inside the coastal dunes; built up by wind, weather and sea currents since the 1700s, the southern mouth of this stream was dammed in 1931, in connection with the opening of the sluice at the fishing town of Hvide Sande. During the 1800s and onwards, Tipperne was Ringkøbing Fjord's most important area for hay harvesting and cattle grazing. In 1936 the northern part of Tipperne was appointed a Scientific Nature Reserve.

At present, the meadows are still cattle-grazed during summer, and the harvesting of reeds and hay still carries on, but in spite of this and various other management schemes, there are still problems with overgrowth in the meadows. 

Bjålum Klit in the south-west corner of the promontory with its dunes, heath, bog and scrub, differs in appearance from the remaining totally flat wet meadowland.

Tipperne is owned by the Danish State and the first nature reserve order was established in 1928, whereas Bjålum Klit, which is still privately owned, came under a preservation order in 1974 together with Nymindestrømmen. The islets in Nymindestrømmen are part of the reserve, with no access.  

Habitat:   
Tipperne is lush marsh meadowland with numerous ponds, channels and ditches. Large areas are covered with reedbeds. The word "tipperne" means grass tufts. Bjålum Klit stands out prominently in the flat landscape, with dunes, heath and scrub. 

Birds and other Wildlife:  
There is a very rich birdlife on Tipperne, both during the breeding season and migration season. The following can give the visitor hints of where to go when, depending on which birds are of special interest.    

- January-February:  If the landscape is not covered in snow during winter, all Scandinavian species of geese and many raptors can be seen just about all over the area. Short-eared Owl is nearly always spotted, flying over the meadows. 
- March: Many dabbling ducks such as Wigeon, Teal, Mallard and Pintail are seen. Black-tailed Godwit and Redshank appear on the meadows.  
- April  is one of the best months for a visit. There are Garganey and Shoveler in the ponds. Marsh Harriers start building their nests. Bittern can often be heard from the bird observation tower north of Værn Sande. Watch out for Vipers if it is sunny! There is a lot of activity in the gull colonies in Nymindestrømmen.  
- May: The local birds are busy rearing their young, for example Curlew on Bjålum Klit and Yellow Wagtail by the roadsides. Many migrants appear, among them Ruff, which arrive early in the month. Brent Geese can be seen in Nymindestrømmen.  
- June: not many birds are seen . .
- July-August: The meadows are most likely dried out and parched by now, but there are many Grey Heron, ducks and waders on Værn Sande.
- August-September: Due to the hunting season, not many birds are seen outside Tipperne Reserve, except some raptors such as Hen Harrier, Buzzard, Merlin, Peregrine and some years White-tailed Eagle. Nymindestrømmen sometimes attraacts Osprey.
- September-December: Look out for Ospreys on the pylons on Bjålum Klit.

Værnengene offers the best birding experiences, but Tipperne is exciting because it is "closed country" i.e. there is no public access except on Sunday mornings (see "Access"). Bjålum Klit is well worth a walk. In Nymindestrømmen there are no bird species which cannot be seen  everywhere else on the Tipper promontory, but there are possibilities of spotting some grebes, diving ducks and mergansers here. It may be a good idea to make a stop at the car parks on the road between Nymindegab and Hvide Sande.

Visiting and Access (see map below):  
On Route 181, approx 4-5 km west of Nørre Nebel, a small road with a signpost to Tipperne goes off to the right. From here it is 5-6 km to the Tipperne Reserve. On the way one passes a  former barn on the right hand side (P2 on the map), with information about Værnengene and views over the meadows. Watch out for birds all along the road. A few kilometres further out on the promontory the road runs into a gravel track going north-south. Turning to the right (south), this road leads to a group of pines where there is a bird observation tower with views over the meadows (P3). Turning to the left (north), the road leads to the Tipperne Research Reserve which is only open to the public on Sundays between 1st April and 31st August from 8-10 am, and from 1st September until 30th November from 10-12 am. During December and January, the reserve is closed.

Inside the reserve there is a marked trail, and an old German observation tower (P5) with a telescope from where the entire area can be overviewed. Visits at any other time have to be arranged by contacting Oksbøl Statsskovdistrikt/Danish Forest and Nature Agency, which manages the area. In the reserve, wardens monitor the birds and other wildlife. 

The car park (P4) at the reserve’s perimeter fence is a good place to stop, particularly during September–December, when huge flocks of birds can be seen in the reserve. Staying inside the car can be recommended in order to get as close as possible to the birds.

4) Sandene:

is an inlet in the north-west corner of Ringkøbing Fjord. The southern border of the area is the remains of Bagge's Dæmning, a dam established in the 1860s as part of the project for draining Stadil Fjord, situated further north along the west coast.   

Habitat:   
Sandene's water is very shallow, in most places less than 1 m deep, and is surrounded by reedbeds up to 50 m wide. The adjoining fields are farmed or grazed by cattle.  
   
Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding birds: Only few birds breed here, for example Redshank in the fields and meadows and Water Rail in the reedbeds, as well as Great Crested Grebe, Mute Swan, Mallard and Coot.

Grey Heron, swans, various ducks and coots forage and stage here. The best time to watch the birds is February–May. Most dabbling ducks are seen in the northern part where there is an observation tower. Teal, Mallard, Shelduck, Wigeon and Pintail are counted in hundreds here. Ducks, for instance hundreds of Goldeneye, are mostly observed in the southern part of Sandene where the water is deeper. With gales from the north-west, the fjord bed is blown dry and many waders then forage on the exposed mudflats. In spring, autumn and winter Hen Harrier, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard and Merlin are regularly spotted in the farmland around Sandene.

In spring, up to 1200 Pink-footed Geese can be seen on the western fields. From late March to mid-April up to 1200 Curlew roost overnight in the area. The view of these Curlews flying in can be enjoyed from the nature trail, the roosting site being on the west side of Sandene. Of the few visiting rarities, Gadwall, Osprey and Peregrine should be mentioned.

Visiting and Access:  
It is easiest to overview Sandene from the nature trail along the eastern side. The trail leads all the way to the town of Ringkøbing. There is a car park at the start of the trail about 1 km east of the village of Søndervig and a signpost shows the way to an observation tower approx 350 m from the car park.  
  

5) The Vestas path, Ringkøbing Harbour:

In 1998 the Vestas wind turbine factory established its headquarters on the old wharf promontory in Ringkøbing Harbour. A path along the coast, protected by large boulders at the water's edge, goes round the Vestas area. Westwards the path borders up to the mouth of the Vonså stream where it flows into Ringkøbing Fjord. Here are reedbeds, a small sandy beach, and an uninhabited holm with reeds and rose bushes. On the land side the path goes through a patch with scrub and bushes. Southwards there is a fine view of the northern part of Ringkøbing Fjord, and on clear days it is possible to see Holmsland Klit. In the east are the harbour basins.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
During the breeding season the holm is the scene of a rich birdlife. Several species of gull as well as Sandwich Tern breed here. On the sandy beach and on the holm there are also a few waders. During the migration season waterfowl, terns and passerines can be watched. In winter, when other areas of the fjord are frozen over, there can be open water at the mouth of the Vonså stream, attracting Mute Swan, Coot, Mallard, Goldeneye, Smew and Goosander. Buzzard and Hen Harrier can also be seen. Other rarer species that have been spotted in this area are Bittern, Spoonbill, White-tailed Eagle, Peregrine, Iceland Gull, Arctic Redpoll and Snow Bunting.

Visiting and Access:  
In Ringkøbing follow signs to Vestas or Ringkøbing Havn (harbour), after which it is no problem to find the old wharfs. Parking in the area is easy, particularly outside working hours. Driving along the Ved Fjorden road, past the town hall, it is possible to walk or cycle on a path all the way to the sub-locality at Velling. A path runs westwards via Vester Strandbjerg to the bridge over Vonå stream. Turn left along Jagtvej road and carry on along the cycle track all the way to the sub-locality Sandene at Søndervig. From Jagtvej road there is a fine view towards the holm.

The Skjern Å Valley


Lønborg Church 

Location:  
The 94 km long Skjern Å is the river with the largest volume of water in Denmark, being fed by many tributaries on its meandering way westwards from its source just north of Vejle on Jutland’s east coast. The area described here is the final 20 km of the river’s passage and its environs between the town of Boris and the river estuary in the south-east corner of Ringkøbing Fjord.

Protection/IBA Status:
The whole area is a Nature Reserve and is also protected under the EU Habitats Directive. It is at the same time an IBA of international importance. 

Important Birds:
Bittern, Spoonbill, Bewick’s Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Pintail, White-tailed Eagle, Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Peregrine, Spotted Crake, Corncrake, Avocet, Dotterel and Ruff.

Habitat:
The most westerly section of the Skjern Å Valley, as it appears today, is the result of the most important and expensive nature re-establishment project carried out in Denmark. Like many other areas in Denmark, the valley was in the past the object of grand drainage schemes to reclaim arable land from wetlands. The last project took place in the 1960s, when the meandering river was straightened out, and canals, ditches, dams and dykes were established to drain the former boggy meadows. Decades later it was evident that the reclaimed farmland’s quality was poor and that pollution was being carried straight out into Ringkøbing Fjord, threatening the fish and other wildlife. In 1987 it was decided to re-establish the last 20 km of Skjern Å with its natural meandering, and after 12 years of debate, investigation and planning, work finally began, the project being completed in 2002.

Today the Skjern Å Valley is a large area of wetland, covering approx half of the area reclaimed in the 1960s. The bird invasion began on the first dig of the spade! The panorama from the hill at Lønborg church shows a variety of lakes, wet meadows, reedbeds, and not least, the river with its original meanders. The largest area of wetland is Hestholm Lake, flanked on its western side by the Lønborg-Skjern road.

A management scheme to keep down overgrowth is in progress. This involves both cattle grazing and reed harvesting. 

Birds and other Wildlife:  
By the end of May 2006, 248 species of birds had been observed in the Skjern Å Valley. Birds can be seen all year round, amongst them Mute Swan, Coot, Cormorant, Grey Heron and Greylag Goose. Many species of ducks are abundant. Breeding birds include Spoonbill, Greylag Goose, Avocet and Little Ringed Plover. Ducks include Shelduck, Shoveler, Garganey, Gadwall, Tufted Duck and Pochard. Both Great Crested Grebe, Red-necked Grebe, Little Grebe and Black-necked Grebe breed here. Colonies of Black-headed Gulls liven up the landscape. The Bittern booms from the reedbeds.

In the migration season, the area is a paradise for passage waders - nearly all species that visit Denmark can be seen here. The most common are Lapwing, Golden Plover and Dunlin. Impressive numbers of Ruff turn up, both on their way north and south.

Raptors that can be spotted include Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Buzzard, Rough-legged Buzzard, Kestrel and Merlin, and there is a chance of seeing White-tailed Eagle, Osprey and Peregrine.

In winter, the area hosts Whooper Swan, Bewick's Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Greylag Goose, Barnacle Goose and flocks of ducks in their thousands.

The area is also important due to the presence of Otter and the unique Skjern Å Salmon. The rare Floating Water Plantain is found here.   

Skjern Å meadows. Photo: Kirsten Røjle
 

Visiting and Access:  
The village of Lønborg is a good starting point for visiting the area. This lies on Route 423, west of Tarm (on Route 11). Route 423 continues north from Lønborg to Skjern, and runs through the centre of the area. During restoration, accessibility for nature enthusiasts was not forgotten, and there are numerous car parks with information boards and maps, together with marked tracks around the wetlands.

Several bird observation towers have been established; the large one on the Lønborg-Skjern road has access for wheelchair users. There are picnic areas with tables, benches and even some barbeque sites. Small "ferries", hand-pulled by means of rope, enable the visitor to cross the river at several places.

In tourist offices in the nearby towns a free folder with a map of the Skjern Å Valley can be had. This can also be downloaded from www.skovognatur.dk/Udgivelser/Vandretursfoldere/atilaa/Skjern 
Skjern Egvad Museum has established several historic sites in the area around the Skjern Å Valley, where information concerning activities such as workshops, walks, riding, fishing, canoeing etc. is available. Skjern Egvad Museum also has an exhibition about the Skjern Å Valley project at 73 Bredgade, Skjern, open daily from 1st April until 30th September. From 1st September until 31st March it is open Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays, when opening hours are 11.00  – 17.00 h. Admission is free.

Stadil & Vest Stadil Fjords

 

The bridge to Hindø. Photo: Jens Ballegaard 

Location:   
Stadil Fjord and Vest Stadil Fjord are situated north-west of Ringkøbing. Originally part of Ringkøbing Fjord, one of the vast lagoon wetlands along the entire west coast of Jutland, the area was subject to one of the many drainage projects carried out in Denmark in the 1860s. Vest Stadil Fjord now consists of a large flat open area of land with three lakes, situated immediately east of the Husby Klit sandbar.

Protection/IBA Status:
Vest Stadil Fjord has been appointed a Ramsar Site and an EU Bird Protection Area. Hindø was the object of a voluntary preservation appointment in 1991. Both Stadil Fjord and Vest Stadil Fjord form one international IBA.

Important Birds:
Bittern, Bewick’s Swan, Whooper Swan, Pink-footed Goose, Greylag Goose, Barnacle Goose, Teal, Pintail, Shoveler, Marsh Harrier, Spotted Crake, Avocet, Dotterel, Golden Plover, Dunlin, Ruff, Wood Sandpiper, Black Tern and Bluethroat.

The two fjords are rather different and are therefore described separately below:

1) Stadil Fjord:

Habitat:   
Stadil Fjord is today a fresh water lake, 1730 ha in size, and relatively shallow, the deepest point being 2.5 m. At the southern end is the 100 ha islet of Hindø, connected to the mainland by a bridge. There are dams and dykes almost all the way round the fjord, retaining water from several tributaries with corresponding pump stations.

Apart from the Hover Å, all the tributaries pollute the fjord with nitrates. There is not much meadowland offering any really significant habitat for birdlife.  Beyond the dykes there are reedbeds of varying width. The largest reed area is on Hindø. In the western part of the fjord there is a low sand-bank at the spit of Tambjerg Odde, an important site for migrating birds.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding Birds: Great Crested Grebe, Coot and Mallard are common all over the fjord, whereas only a few pairs of Shelduck, Pochard and Tufted Duck breed here. Numbers of Bittern, Mute Swan, Marsh Harrier and Water Rail are small, but these species still breed regularly.

In the 1980s there was a large Black-headed Gull colony on Hindø which disappeared due to marauding feral mink. In the plantation on Hindø is a colony of around 50 pairs of Grey Heron, and Bearded Tits seem to be moving into the islet’s reedbeds. Along the eastern side of the fjord the Grasshopper Warbler is heard.

Visiting and Access:
At Stadil Fjord there are three places with public access, the best being Hindø:
- approx 6-7 km north of Ringkøbing on Route 16 is Hee village where Agerbæksvej leads all the way out to Hindø. There is a car park with an information board at the embankment. It is only possible to walk or cycle on the islet. 
- north of Stadil Fjord a farm track leaves the minor road approx 3 km east of Stadil Kirkeby and leads down to the water's edge
- south of the fjord, there is a farm track leading to the coastline approx halfway between Tambjerg Odde and the western end of Hindø - it can be found on the straight stretch of road between Route 181 and the town of Kloster.

2) Vest Stadil Fjord:

Habitat:   
Vest Stadil Fjord consists basically of three shallow lakes surrounded by reedbeds and arable fields. The most southerly lake, Søndre Dyb, has the largest surface area in the fjord, with reedbeds of varying width, cornfields and pasture on sandy soils, interspersed with pine and willow scrub. During winter these areas are often flooded. The water quality is poor due to heavy pollution from nitrates and ochre, which is currently being counteracted by more sympathetic management and environmentally friendly farming.

Mellemdyb is situated north of Skelmosevej which lead eastwards off Route 181 towards the village of Skelmose. Nordre Dyb is a continuation of this landscape, with ponds, meadows, reedbeds and, further north, more farmland.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
Breeding Birds : Due to the poor water quality in the area, Vest Stadil Fjord does not host as many breeding birds as could be expected. However, measures to improve the environment are gradually making their mark. Several pairs of Bittern, Water Rail, Marsh Harrier, Mute Swan, Great Crested Grebe, Red-necked Grebe, Black-necked Grebe and Little Grebe breed in these wetlands now. Dabbling ducks such as Gadwall and Garganey nest here, as do Coot, Lapwing, Avocet, Redshank and Snipe. There is a large Black-headed Gull colony and a number of breeding passerines, with amongst others a large population of Sedge Warbler and a few pairs of Bearded Tit.    

Migrating Birds: This locality is of international importance for the 25,000 Pink-footed Geese that stop over here in spring and autumn.  A feeding programme has been instigated for them during the spring migration season. Up to approx 2000 White-fronted Geese and Greylag Geese are seen every year (mainly August/September) interspersed with Barnacle Geese and Snow Geese. Amongst the Pink-footed Geese the odd Tundra Bean Goose can be spotted. A few Canada Geese are seen, along with the rare Red-Breasted and Lesser White-fronted Geese.  

Both in spring and autumn, numerous  Wigeon, Teal, Pintail, Mallard, Pochard and Tufted Duck can be observed. In autumn, flocks of Whooper Swan and Bewick’s Swan arrive. During the later years, sizeable groups of Dotterel have been seen foraging here in the middle of May, often in the Skelmose area. During migration there is a good chance of spotting Hen Harrier, Rough-legged Buzzard, Peregrine and Merlin. Osprey and the occasional White-tailed Eagle are seen yearly. Up to 2000 Curlew roost overnight here in early April. Finally, during autumn and winter, Vest Stadil Fjord is a good site for observing small flocks of Shore Lark, Twite and Lapland Bunting.

Visiting and Access:
Vest Stadil Fjord is a large area offering many good bird-watching sites, with access from three public roads:
- In springtime, on Husby Klitvej (Route 181) by the 8.7 km marker stone, the Strandgård museum is a good place for watching out for large flocks of geese.
- Between the 12 km and 13 km stones on Husby Klitvej one can climb the dunes and get a good overall view of the northern area. The birds are rather distant, but there is a good chance of spotting Peregrine.
- At the 14.3 km stone, during May, turn in along a farm track and take a 90 degree bend to some ochre precipitation basins. Park the car here, and by walking a couple of hundred metres eastwards on the track there is a possibility of spotting Dotterel.  
- On Skelmosevej between Søndre Dyb and Mellemdyb, a car park offers a picnic area, toilets, and a mini-museum. This is the place to watch grebe, duck and coot, foraging geese, raptors and passerines.
- Other places to make a stop are at Krylen (5 km marker stone) and Sidselbjerg (6.3 km stone).

The Danish Forestry and Nature Agency has published a folder about Vest Stadil Fjord, available at tourist offices, libraries or on the internet:
www.skovognatur.dk/Udgivelser/Vandretursfoldere/atilaa/Vest_Stadil

Ulfborg Plantation


Ulfborg plantation. Photo: Lars Holm Hansen 

Location:  
Ulfborg Plantation, Pallisbjerg Plantation and Sønder Vosborg Heath are situated approx 20 km south-west of Holstebro.

Protection/IBA Status:
The plantations are privately owned, whereas the 120 ha heath is state property and up to a few years ago a Black Grouse Reserve with no public access. Black Grouse is however no longer breeding in Denmark. The two plantations and Sønder Vosborg heath form one IBA.

Important Birds:
Nightjar, Woodlark, Red-backed Shrike.  

Habitat:   
Ulfborg Plantation was started in 1871 as the first of its kind to be established in the region’s vast inland sand and dune heath areas. By co-operative efforts, 345 ha had been turned into conifer woodland 10 years later. It is still commercially managed, yet now the various areas of pine are interspersed with deciduous woodland.

Most of Pallisbjerg Plantation is dense forest, whereas there are several smaller areas of open heath and grassland in Ulfborg Plantation. On Sønder Vosborg Heath, the last hilly remains of a formerly much larger sandy inland heath can be seen. Some of these sand dunes are still bare as the wind does not allow any vegetation to get a hold. The dunes are reminders of a period in Danish history 150-200 years ago, when vast areas in West Jutland were ravaged by drifting sand.

Birds and other Wildlife:  
All birds that are common in pine plantations breed in Ulfborg and Pallisborg Plantations. Green Woodpecker, Redstart, Wryneck, Goshawk and Hawfinch are relatively scarce, but are seen every year, even if they do not breed. Crossbill is stable all year round and Siskin is often observed. Black Woodpecker and Woodlark are seen in the plantation.

The churring call of the Nightjar can be experienced all over the forest in summer, but one of the most well-known places is around the junction at Thorstedvej/Filsøvej. Red-backed Shrike breed most prolifically on Sønder Vosborg Heath, but can also be observed in open patches in the plantation. Both Great Grey Shrike and Stonechat have been observed on the heath.

Visiting and Access:
Route 28 runs through the town of Ulfborg. In the southern part of the town, Thorstedvej heads eastwards. After driving just 1 km, Ulfborg Plantation appears to the north of the road and Pallisborg Plantation to the south. 2 km further east the road meets Filsøvej, where it is recommended to stop and go for a walk in the forest. Alternatively, carry on for another 2-3 km, where the plantation ends and Sønder Vosborg Heath can be seen on the left-hand side. A little further on still, Jagtvej leads north into the sandy dune heath area.

It is also possible to drive round the plantation along Sønderkjærsvej which starts 200 m north of Ulfborg. This road first runs through farmland, then follows the northern border of the plantation. This road also leads to Sønder Vosborg Heath after 2-3 km.

The regulations for access to private woods should be observed, and as there is a shooting range in the area it is advised to keep watch for an orange “balloon” raised to the top of a pole, which means that shooting is taking place. Forest roads barred by a gate are inaccessible until the balloon is down again. The public is warned against picking up any stray ammunition.    

Sønder Vosborg Heath is bordered on the east by Stråsø Plantation with a varied landscape of woods, heath, streams, bogs and grassland. It is managed by the Forestry and Nature Agency and has 3 marked walks, 1 primitive camp site and 2 with some facilities (booking is necessary). Bathing, fishing and mountain biking is permitted in designated areas. A map of Stråsø Plantation can be downloaded from: www.skovognatur.dk/Udgivelser/Vandretursfoldere/atilaa/Straasoe

Venø

 
Seals on Bradser Odde. Photo: Leif Novrup 

Location:   
The island of Venø is situated in the Limfjord immediately north of the town of Struer and is 8 km long and up to 1.5 km wide.

Protection/IBA Status:
Nørskov Vig and the spit of Bradser Odde at the north of the island were appointed Nature Reserves in 1987. Venø and Venø Sound, between the west coast of Venø and the mainland, are also EU Bird Protection and EU Habitat areas. The coasts of the island and the adjacent area of the Limfjord around the island have been appointed an IBA.

Important Birds:
Pale-bellied Brent Goose, Goldeneye, Red-breasted Merganser, Goosander, Avocet, Arctic Tern and Little Tern.

Habitat:   
The largest meadows on Venø are found on Tørsodde and Bradser Odde, two spits at the northern end of Venø which together almost totally surround the inlet of Nørskov Vig. At Rødknæ, north-west of the town of Venø, north of Stodbjerg on the southern spit and at a few places on the east coast there are some boggy meadows. The remaining coastline of Venø consists of sandy beaches, dry grass areas and lagoons. The central parts of Venø are naturally bordered by moraine cliffs, the highest being Forstov Bakke at 27 m, whilst Stodbjerg is 13 m high. A major part of the island is farmed, there are a few small pine plantations, and the rest is used for recreational purposes, with holiday bungalow colonies and camp sites.

Birds and other Wildlife:   
Breeding Birds: In Nørskov Vig there are sizeable populations of Oystercatcher, Common Gull and Herring Gull, as well as smaller populations of Shelduck, Mallard, Red-breasted Merganser, Ringed Plover, Lapwing, Redshank and Little Tern. The same bird species breed all over the rest of Venø, but in lesser numbers than in Nørskov Vig. Nørskov Vig also hosts a few pairs of breeding Eider, which are otherwise rare in West Jutland. Due to intensive game management, hand-reared Pheasants are seen all over the island. Furthermore, Venø is one of the few places in Denmark where Canada Geese breed (in small numbers). They originate from Sweden, where this species was introduced in the early 1900s.

Staging Birds: Cormorant, Wigeon, Teal, Dunlin, Snipe and Curlew stop over here. In winter, large flocks of Goldeneye, Goosander, Red-breasted Merganser, and in lesser numbers Eider, Tufted Duck and Pale-bellied Brent Goose can be observed. Gull-billed Terns have also been spotted. 

The presence of Common Seal and Twaite Shad, (a rare member of the Herring family) in the fjord around the island, is one of the reasons why this locality is protected under the EU Habitats Directive.

Visiting and Access:
Other than by private means, a two-minute ferry crossing is the only way to get to Venø. The ferry departs every 20 minutes from Kleppen in Struer.

The island’s birdlife can be followed from the bathing beach north of Arkbjerg; at the lagoons between the town of Venø and Stodbjerg; at Rønknæ; and at Forstov Bakke - the best spot being Nørskov Vig. A farm track from the car park leads to the inlet. It is possible to walk round the inlet, but one has to wade across the shallow inlet at Bradser Odde spit. The water is only knee high. Even though Nørskov Vig is a Nature Reserve, inaccessible between 1st April until 15th July, it is well worth walking to the reserve boundary at any time, from where the area can be overviewed without disturbing the breeding birds.